Protests targeting the government following the Soma coal mine disaster are violently suppressed – but will Prime Minister Recep Erdogan once again ride out public anger?
Turkey will hold national elections in August amid a corruption scandal involving Mr Erdogan and a ban on Twitter and YouTube.
Mr Erdogan swept local elections but the mining disaster in Soma, a small town in western Turkey, has triggered renewed demonstrations against the government.
With rescuers still pulling bodies from the site in western Turkey, anger swept a country that has seen a decade of rapid economic growth but still suffers from one of the world’s worst workplace safety records.
In our country we have a PM that kicks his citizens!! #gunkomurkarasi #SOMAyaYardımSehitlereDua #SomadakiKardeslerimizeYardımEtALLAHIM
— Saliha C. (@Sabuse93) May 15, 2014
Opponents of Mr Erdogan – who has already faced mass protests against his rule in the past year – have attacked his government for leasing mines to parts of the private sector cosy with the ruling party, and accuse it of ignoring repeated warnings about their safety.
Images of a senior adviser to the Turkish prime minister kicking a protester against the government’s record on mine safety, provoked yet more anger as it was shared on social media.
In Istanbul, police fired tear gas and water cannon to disperse several thousand people, some wearing miners’ hard hats and headlamps. Police also clashed with demonstrators in the capital Ankara and there were protests in other cities.
Many took to social media using #gunkomurkarasi – meaning “the day is as black as coal” to express their outrage at the government’s handling of the crisis. Black ribbons were also posted online as people united in grief.
Andrew Gardner, researcher on Turkey at Amnesty International, said today: “This was a tragedy that should have been avoided. The long history of deaths in mines in Turkey raises chilling questions over workers’ safety.
“The fact that the government rejected recent calls by parliamentarians to investigate serious work-related accidents is nothing short of shocking.”
Mr Gardner described the air “heavy with tear gas” outside his office in Istanbul where he saw a man shot with a plastic bullet at close range, apparently for “shouting”.
bir fotoÄ?rafın hesabını sormak için nefes almaya devam eder insan bazen #gunkomurkarasi #soma pic.twitter.com/UjvhebOT2V
— Ebru Nihan (@E_N_Celkan) May 14, 2014
#GenelGreveHesapSormaya Dersim binlerle Soma’ya destek veriyor via @DemirFerit pic.twitter.com/e7S27RbypD
— jiyan.org (@jiyaninsesi) May 15, 2014
Her zaman söyledim yine söylüyorum. #RKAL‘li olmak gerçekten büyük bir onur. Katılan katılmayan herkese teÅ?ekkürler. pic.twitter.com/05dYXQmdbB
— AlptuÄ? Esmeray (@alptugesmeray) May 15, 2014
#Soma #GünKömürKarası pic.twitter.com/QUnDH0FJ7i
— Sevcan Durak (@Svcan_Drk) May 15, 2014
as we always emphasize: “Police State of Turkey.” At least don’t do that on a mourning day burning the whole people pic.twitter.com/IXEKEfmC7B
— â??â??Vâ?®ice â?ªf Somaâ??â?? (@VOT99) May 15, 2014
Bursasspor’da futbolcular antrenmana madenci baretiyle çıktılar
Ä°lk defa taktir ettim..#GünKömürKarası pic.twitter.com/ImXFrEwdTW
— #CT â? OZâ?¶N (@OzancanCT) May 15, 2014
#gunkomurkarasi ð??? pic.twitter.com/KbFG2eJvwZ
— ay/yükselici (@ayyukselici) May 15, 2014
People of #Soma protesting in front of municipal adm pic.twitter.com/Uj4vH6Q5Ur v @yarinhaber
— Merlinka (@Meralink) May 15, 2014
#gunkomurkarasi #Soma #NKL pic.twitter.com/H5bNYpMLnA
— Beranur Turan (@BeranurTuraan) May 15, 2014
#gunkomurkarasi #Soma pic.twitter.com/iFh4d3XQD8
— AyÅ?enur EFE (@ayseefe69) May 15, 2014
Thanks @rihanna #PrayForTurkey #Soma pic.twitter.com/ZPk2FVBplS
— AyÅ?e â?? (@AysegulFenty) May 14, 2014
#Soma #gunkomurkarasi #PrayForSoma #izmir #izmirchamberofcommerce pic.twitter.com/ect5q99crY
— H. Özgür COÅ?KUN (@FREE_COSKUN) May 15, 2014
Kalbimiz duamiz sizlerle. Beklemedeyiz. pic.twitter.com/RQ8ArJYNAw
— Eray Karakus (@eeraykarakus) May 14, 2014
Istanbul Kultur Univ #soma pic.twitter.com/s6juzsg4c8
— Merlinka (@Meralink) May 15, 2014
Binlerce kiÅ?i Soma için Mecidiyeköy de toplandı ve Taksime yürümek istiyorlar ! pic.twitter.com/YxqF4kDOc7
— Dev-Okmeydanı (@mahalleliler) May 15, 2014
10:30 #Istanbul #Mecidiyeköy Group walking for #Soma come face to face with police. via @140journos @pilkiz pic.twitter.com/mJD0hTBPoG
— Has Avrat (@hasavrat) May 15, 2014
#gunkomurkarasi #Soma #DualarımızSomaİcin pic.twitter.com/WMe1LvzDso
— Öykü (@oykuurunay) May 15, 2014
Voorbereidingen voor de komst van de vele doden op het kerkhof van Soma Turkije #mijnramp @nosnieuws pic.twitter.com/T87RpRUDjf
— Eric Feijten (@EricFeijten) May 15, 2014
ölü sayısının 400’e yaklaÅ?acaÄ?ı söylendikçe, yumrukla tekmeyle gündem deÄ?iÅ?tirme yarıÅ?ına girdiler.yazıklar olsun. . pic.twitter.com/Ho0hLvpedn
— TÜRKÄ°YE CUMHURÄ°YETÄ° (@ferihan2) May 15, 2014
#Soma #KazaDegilCinayet pic.twitter.com/wChHtNCMrs
— Nadide (@iva5mia) May 15, 2014
#UlusalYasGenelGrev protest at consulate #Turkey #Rotterdam no mine accident, but murder #Erdogan pic.twitter.com/8xbrInzJap
— Gerard van Mourik (@gerardvanmourik) May 14, 2014